意大利跑车 (Automobile di Italia) : 从赛车改进跑车 (from Racers to Exotics)

ngsunyu

<>GT: 拉丁文Gran Turismo, 英文翻译为Grand Touring, 意为伟大的旅行, 在20世纪60年代的汽车普遍不能胜任长途旅行的工作, 机械可靠程度很低, 由此,出现了一批高性能高可靠性的大马力跑车,被称为GT, 人类汽车历史上只要是能被称为GT的车型, 必不是流俗之辈。(http://bike.baidu.com/view/20056.html)</P>
<>Sports car racing is a form of circuit auto racing with automobiles that have two seats and enclosed wheels. They may be purpose-built or related to road-going sports cars.</P>
<>A kind of hybrid between the purism of open-wheelers and the familiarity of touring car racing, this racing is often associated with the annual Le Mans 24 Hours endurance race. First run in 1923, it is one of the oldest motor races still in existence. Other classic but now defunct sports car races include the Targa Florio (1906 - 1977) and Mille Miglia (1927-1957). Most top class sports car races emphasise endurance (races are typically anywhere from 2.5 to 24 hours in length), reliability and strategy over pure speed.</P>
<>The prestige of Ferrari, BMW, Porsche, Lotus, Maserati, Alfa Romeo, Mercedes-Benz, Jaguar, and Aston Martin derives in part from success in sports car racing and the World Sportscar Championship. Road cars sold by these manufacturers have in many cases been very similar to the cars that were raced, both in engineering and styling. It is this close association with the 'exotic' nature of the cars that serves as a useful distinction between sports car racing and Touring Cars. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_car_racing)

Gran Turismo is an Italian term of reference to the "Grand Tour" and roughly translates into English as "Grand Touring" (and in French as "Grand Tourisme").

Its automobile origins however lie with the "GT" naming tradition emerging from Italy. Manufacturers such as Alfa Romeo, Ferrari and Lancia often designated their cars as Gran Turismo. The 1951 Lancia Aurelia B20 GT, for example being one of the first cars to sport such a name.

The GT term has many variations:</P>
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GTI - meaning Gran Turismo Iniezione (Grand Touring Injection), first used on the 1961 Maserati 3500 GTI.</P>
<>GTE or GT/E (Einspritzung - a German word for injection) used in Germany.</P>
<>GTO (Gran Turismo Omologato) meaning homolagated car for racing (used by Ferrari).</P>
<>GTA (Gran Turismo Alleggerita) meaning lightened GT car.</P>
<>GTAm (modified lightened car).</P>
<>GTV (Gran Turismo Veloce) meaning a fast GT car. For example the Alfa Romeo GTV6.
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<P>Today the term <I>Grand Tourer</I>, or <I>Gran Turismo</I> is synonymous with the high-powered sports cars that take part in long distance or endurance races like 24 Hours of Le Mans, Mille Miglia, Targa Florio, Carrera Panamericana. Examples include: BMW M3, Saab GT750, Ferrari 250 GTO, Porsche 911 GT3, Porsche 904 GTS, Lamborghini Murcielago LP640.(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gran_Turismo)</P>

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-1-29 12:44:16编辑过]

ngsunyu

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<>The Targa Florio was an open road endurance automobile race held near Palermo, Sicily. Founded in 1906, it ws the oldest sports car racing event. Like the now defunct Mille Miglia (1927-1957)., the <I>Targa Florio</I> made <I>Gran Turismo</I> (Grand Touring) sports cars like Alfa Romeo, Ferrari, Maserati and also Porsche famous.

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<>re-WWI race winners </P>
<>1906 : Alessandro Cagno, Itala  </P>
<>1907 : Felice Nazzaro, Fiat 28/40 HP  </P>
<>1908 : Vincenzo Trucco, Isotta-Fraschini  </P>
<>1909 : Francesco Ciuppa, SPA  </P>
<>1910 : Tullio Cariolato, Franco Automobili  </P>
<>1911 : Ernesto Ceirano, SCAT  </P>
<P>1912 : Cyril Snipe, SCAT  </P>
<P>1913 : Felice Nazzaro, Nazzaro  </P>
<P>1914 : Ernesto Ceirano, SCAT

Between the Wars race winners</P>
<P>1919 : André Boillot, Peugeot EXS  </P>
<P>1920 : Guido Meregalli, Nazzaro GP  </P>
<P>1921 : Giulio Masetti, Fiat 451  </P>
<P>1922 : Giulio Masetti, Mercedes GP/14  </P>
<P>1923 : Ugo Sivocci, Alfa Romeo RL Targa Florio  </P>
<P>1924 : Christian Werner, Mercedes PP  </P>
<P>1925 : Bartolomeo Costantini, Bugatti T35  </P>
<P>1926 : Bartolomeo Costantini, Bugatti T35T  </P>
<P>1927 : Emilio Materassi, Bugatti T35C  </P>
<P>1928 : Albert Divo, Bugatti T35B  </P>
<P>1929 : Albert Divo, Bugatti T35C  </P>
<P>1930 : Achille Varzi, Alfa Romeo P2  </P>
<P>1931 : Tazio Nuvolari, Alfa Romeo 8C-2300 Monza  </P>
<P>1932 : Tazio Nuvolari, Alfa Romeo 8C-2300 Monza  </P>
<P>1933 : Antonio Brivio, Alfa Romeo 8C-2300 Monza  </P>
<P>1934 : Achille Varzi, Alfa Romeo Tipo-B P3  </P>
<P>1935 : Antonio Brivio, Alfa Romeo Tipo-B P3  </P>
<P>1936 : Constantino Magistri, Lancia Augusta  </P>
<P>1937 : Giulio Severi, Maserati 6CM  </P>
<P>1938 : Giovanni Rocco, Maserati 6CM  </P>
<P>1939 : Luigi Villoresi, Maserati 6CM  </P>
<P>1940 : Luigi Villoresi, Maserati 4CL
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<P>Post-WW II race winners </P>
<P>1948 : Clemente Biondetti/Igor Troubetzkoy, Ferrari 166  </P>
<P>1949 : Clemente Biondetti/Aldo Benedetti, Ferrari 166 SC  </P>
<P>1950 : Mario Bornigia/Giancarlo Bornigia, Alfa Romeo 6C 2500 Competizione  </P>
<P>1951 : Franco Cortese, Frazer Nash  </P>
<P>1952 : Felice Bonetto, Lancia Aurelia B20  </P>
<P>1953 : Umberto Maglioli, Lancia D20 3000  </P>
<P>1954 : Piero Taruffi, Lancia D 24
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World Championship race winners </P>
<P>1955 : Stirling Moss/Peter Collins, Mercedes-Benz 300SLR</P>
<P>1956 : Umberto Maglioli/Huschke von Hanstein, Porsche 550</P>
<P>1957 : Fabio Colona, Fiat 600 (as regularity test, following the Mille Miglia accident)</P>
<P>1958 : Luigi Musso/Olivier Gendebien, Ferrari 250TR</P>
<P>1959 : Edgar Barth/Wolfgang Seidel, Porsche 718 RSK</P>
<P>1960 : Jo Bonnier/Hans Herrmann/Graham Hill, Porsche 718 RS60</P>
<P>1961 : Wolfgang von Trips/Olivier Gendebien, Ferrari Dino 246SP</P>
<P>1962 : Willy Mairesse/Ricardo Rodriguez/Olivier Gendebien, Ferrari Dino 246SP</P>
<P>1963 : Jo Bonnier/Carlo Maria Abate, Porsche 718 RS64</P>
<P>1964 : Colin Davis/Antonio Pucci, Porsche 904 GTS</P>
<P>1965 : Nino Vaccarella/Lorenzo Bandini, Ferrari 275P2</P>
<P>1966 : Willy Mairesse/Herbert Müller, Porsche 906 Carrera 6</P>
<P>1967 : Paul Hawkins/Rolf Stommelen, Porsche 910</P>
<P>1968 : Vic Elford/Umberto Maglioli, Porsche 907</P>
<P>1969 : Gerhard Mitter/Udo Schütz, Porsche 908/2</P>
<P>1970 : Jo Siffert/Brian Redman, Porsche 908/3</P>
<P>1971 : Nino Vaccarella/Toine Hezemans, Alfa Romeo 33/3</P>
<P>1972 : Arturo Merzario/Sandro Munari, Ferrari 312PB</P>
<P>1973 : Herbert Müller/Gijs van Lennep, Porsche 911 Carrera RSR

Non-WC race winners </P>
<P>1974 : Gérard Larrousse/Amilcare Ballestrieri, Lancia Stratos</P>
<P>1975 : Nino Vaccarella/Arturo Merzario, Alfa Romeo 33 TT 12</P>
<P>1976 : Armando Floridia, Osella</P>
<P>1977 : Raffaele Restivo, Chevron
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Targa_Florio)</P>

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-1-27 13:01:44编辑过]

ngsunyu

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<>愛快羅密歐（Alfa Romeo）是一家以義大利米蘭為總部的汽車製造公司，創廠歷史最早可回溯至1907年，並從1986年開始加入飛雅特 集團成為成員品牌之一。車廠原名 <B>ALFA</B>（<B>A</B>nonima <B>L</B>ombarda <B>F</B>abbrica <B>A</B>utomobili，倫巴底公有汽車製造廠），但在1916年出身拿波里的實業家尼古拉·羅密歐（Nicola Romeo）入主該車廠，並將自己的家族名加入車廠名稱中，而成為今日的Alfa Romeo。(http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E6%B3%95%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E5%AF%86%E6%AC%A7)</P>
<>In 1929 the 6C 1750 was created as a replacement for the aging 6C 1500. The name, 6C 1750, was a combination of the six-cylinder engine and the 1752 cc engine displacement. The 1750 continued the strong racing legacy Alfa Romeo had established with their P2 Grand Prix car and the 1500. The design for the Sport editions were simply yet sophisticated. They used a light frame coupled with a small inline-six cylinder supercharged engine capable of producing nearly 100 horsepower. <p></p></P>
<>The 1750 was created in 1929 and produced until 1933, during this time nearly 2500 examples were created. There were six series each achieving a higher level of sophistication over the prior series. As was the case with many manufacturers at the time, Alfa Romeo supplied the rolling chassis and commissioned coachbuilders such as Zagato, Touring, Stablimenti Farina, Castagna, and James Young to finish the body. The result was a wide range of specifications and creativity. <p></p></P>
<>The design was handled by Vittorio Jano, an individual Enzo Ferrari, an employee of Alfa Romeo, had been able to lure from Fiat. Jano had been tasked with designing the 6C 1500 which had been powered by a six-cylinder engine. He was then tasked with designing the 6C 1750 which was debuted at the 1929 Rome Motorshow. It shared many similarities with its predecessor; the biggest difference being an enlarged engine. Because of the larger engine it was capable of being outfitted with larger, heavier bodies. <p></p></P>
<>The first version of the 1750 was the Turismo. The second version was the Sport which sat atop a shorter wheelbase and was given an improved engine. The most powerful and competitive versions of the 1750 was the Super Sport or Gran Sport. In this form they were often campaigned by the factory and privateers in a plethora of sporting events. They were equipped with supercharged engines and sat atop a short wheelbase. Most of the 360 examples received coachwork courtesy of Zagato, mainly because of the lightweight design. Only 44 examples of the sixth series Gran Sport were produced. The Gran Sport was successfully campaigned at events like the Mille Miglia, Targa Florio, and Tourist Trophy where it emerged victorious. <p></p></P>
<>In 1931 the 8C 2300 replaced the Gran Sport. The 1750 Gran Sport is one of the finest sporting examples of its time. The 1750 continued Alfa Romeo's reputation for fun-to-drive vehicles that were competitive and durable. (http://www.conceptcarz.com/vehicle/z12430/default.aspx)<p></p></P>

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-1-28 7:15:15编辑过]

ngsunyu

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-1-28 7:33:07编辑过]

ngsunyu

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<>法拉利是一家意大利汽车生产商，主要制造一级方程式赛车、赛车及高性能跑车，1929年由恩佐·法拉利创办。早期的法拉利赞助赛车手及生产赛车，1946年独立生产汽车，其后变成今日的规模，现在由快意汽车集团拥有，总部设于意大利摩德纳(Modena)附近的Maranello。</P>
<>在1929年创办Scuderia Ferrari车队时，恩佐·法拉利原本无意制造跑车，他只作为业余车手的赞助人。法拉利以改装爱快罗密欧的跑车成功参与赛事，至1938年，他被爱快聘请作为赛车部的主管。1940年，恩佐得悉爱快计划把其心爱的Scuderia车队收购并夺取控制权，便离开爱快。(http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E6%8B%89%E5%88%A9%E6%B1%BD%E8%BB%8A)</P>
<>The Ferrari TR, or 250 Testa Rossa, is a race car model built by Ferrari in the 1950's and 1960's. These cars dominated their arenas, with variations winning the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1958, 1960, and 1961. They were closely related to the rest of the Ferrari 250 line, especially the legendary 250 GTO.</P>
<>In all, 34 250 Testa Rossas were built, from 1956 through 1961. The phrase "Testa Rossa" means "redhead." The most well known, the 250TR, was produced from 1957 to 1958; only 2 factory cars and 19 customer cars were built. After the 250 GTO, the 250 Testa Rossa is the second most valuable Ferrari model, often valued at more than US$8,000,000. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrari_TR)</P>
<>Olivier Gendebien and Phil Hill won the 24 Hours of Le Mans with this car in 1958.</P>

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-1-28 7:26:19编辑过]

ngsunyu

<>
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<>The Ferrari Testarossa is a 12-cylinder mid-engined sports car made by Ferrari, which went into production in 1984 as the successor to the Ferrari Berlinetta Boxer. The Pininfarina-designed car was radically wide at 1976 mm (77.8 in) and low at just 1135 mm (44.7 in) high. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrari_Testarossa)</P>

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-1-28 7:18:45编辑过]

ngsunyu

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<>兰博基尼汽車有限公司（Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A.）是一家坐落於意大利聖亞加塔·波隆尼（Sant'Agata Bolognese）的超級跑車製造公司。1963年，經由創業者費魯齊歐·兰博基尼（Ferruccio Lamborghini）設立公司。</P>
<>1971年，推出Lamborghini Countach（義大利文Countach代表『驚奇』），呈現鍘刀車門造型，跨越時空的設計，已成為往後車輛相仿的造型之一。</P>
<>目前，流傳有數個版本關於費魯齊歐·兰博基尼為什麼開設汽車製造公司的原因，多數版本都指向與恩佐·法拉利（Enzo Ferrari）有關聯。</P>
<>經由東尼諾·兰博基尼（Tonino Lamborghini）口述。駕駛Ferrari 250 GT的費魯齊歐·兰博基尼投訴車輛離合器出現問題，誤傷觀賞賽車的民眾。然而，恩佐·法拉利非但不太理採，還告訴費魯齊歐·兰博基尼沒能力駕駛Ferrari 250 GT，只適合駕駛農業機械車輛。後來，費魯齊歐·兰博基尼在自己公司倉庫裏，找到一個合適的備用配件安裝，解決Ferrari 250 GT問題。(http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E5%AF%B6%E5%A0%85%E5%B0%BC)</P>

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-1-28 7:24:55编辑过]

enigmax

法拉利250居然销了两个戳[em15]

汪文豪

喜欢，能让吗？