英国皇室玛丽王后冠 (Queen Mary’s Crown)

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玛丽王后冠制造于1911年，是玛丽王后作为乔治五世的夫人登基时所用的王冠。该王冠顶部十字架上镶嵌着著名的106克拉印度钻石光明之山。现在该王冠被保存在伦敦塔内。
“科依诺尔”（又名“光明之山”）是世界上最古老而又保存至今的巨大钻石。其英文名称为Koh-I-Noor，在波斯语中意为“光明之山”，重105.6克拉（21.6克），无色，椭圆形琢刻形状。它于1655年发现于印度戈尔康达地区的科勒尔矿山。它的原石重达800克拉。最早，科依诺尔落到印度莫卧儿皇帝的手中。在莫卧儿的皇宫中保存了近百年。在1739年波斯的纳狄尔沙赫攻陷德里时，将这颗“科依诺尔”带到波斯的伊斯法罕城，它的重量也减到了现在的105.6克拉。印度教经文中有这样一段文字：“谁拥有它，谁就拥有整个世界；谁拥有它，谁就得承受它所带来的灾难。惟有上帝或一位女人拥有它，才不会承受任何惩罚。” (http://baike.baidu.com/view/115309.htm)

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Queens consort, the wives of Kings, traditionally wore the Crown of Mary of Modena, Queen of King James II.  A new crown, more akin to traditional British crowns, was manufactured for Queen Mary, consort of King George V, who was crowned in 1911. The final new consort's crown in the 20th century was manufactured for Queen Elizabeth, consort of King George VI, who along with her husband was crowned in 1937. All three consorts' crowns in turn included the famous Koh-i-Noor diamond. This latter Crown of Queen Elizabeth was also worn, minus its arches, by the by-then Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother during Elizabeth II's coronation. It rested on top of the Queen Mother's coffin during her funeral in 2002. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_Jewels_of_the_United_Kingdom)
2002年4月9日，在伦敦威斯敏斯特教堂举行的王太后葬礼上，镶嵌着这颗钻石的伊丽莎白王后冠被放置在王太后的棺木上。(http://baike.baidu.com/view/115309.htm)