巴黎圣母院（法语：Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris）

ngsunyu

巴黎 秋季沙龙 (Salon d’Automne) 邮展新票。

ngsunyu

2019年4月15日，巴黎圣母院发生重大火灾，造成尖顶与主体中后部的木质屋顶倒塌，而正面双塔、石头拱顶、建筑整体结构得以留存，包括耶稣荆棘冠在内的大部分文物被救出，圣母院宝物库基本完好。事發當時巴黎聖母院正在進行修繕工程，电线短路可能是引发火灾的原因。(zh.wikipedia.org/巴黎圣母院)

2018年10月最近一次访问巴黎的照片。

ngsunyu

哥特式大教堂是一本“穷人的圣经”，因为在中世纪时, 绝大多数的教区居民是文盲, 雕塑生动地展示了圣经故事。

The Gothic cathedral was a liber pauperum, a "poor people's book", covered with sculpture vividly illustrating biblical stories, for the vast majority of parishioners who were illiterate. To add to the effect, all of the sculpture on the façades was originally painted and gilded. The tympanum over the central portal on the west façade, facing the square, vividly illustrates the Last Judgment, with figures of sinners being led off to hell, and good Christians taken to heaven. The sculpture of the right portal shows the coronation of the Virgin Mary, and the left portal shows the lives of saints who were important to Parisians, particularly Saint Anne, the mother of the Virgin Mary. (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notre-Dame_de_Paris)

面西正门右侧圣安妮门(旅客入口)上方的雕塑展示了圣母玛利亚的婚礼。火灾后巴黎圣母院已关闭，但雕塑是在门外。

ngsunyu

火灾后巴黎圣母院已关闭，三大玫瑰花窗没有损坏，但将被拆除进行修复。 这是西面玫瑰花窗。
The stained glass windows of Notre-Dame, particularly the three rose windows, are among the most famous features of the cathedral. The west rose window, over the portals, was the first and smallest of the roses in Notre-Dame. It is 9.6 meters in diameter, and was made in about 1225, with the pieces of glass set in a thick circular stone frame. None of the original glass remains in this window; it was recreated in the 19th century.  
(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notre-Dame_de_Paris)

2018年10月最近一次访问的照片。花窗玻璃图像投射在巴黎圣母院西正面上。

ngsunyu

火灾后巴黎圣母院已关闭，三大玫瑰花窗没有损坏，但将被拆除进行修复。 这是南面玫瑰花窗。(http://www.notredamedeparis.fr/e ... r/vitraux/rose-sud/)

The two transept windows are larger and contain a greater proportion of glass than the rose on the west façade, because the new system of buttresses made the nave walls thinner and stronger. The north rose was created in about 1250, and the south rose in about 1260. The south rose in the transept is particularly notable for its size and artistry. It is 12.9 meters in diameter; with the claire-voie surrounding it, a total of 19 meters. It was given to the Cathedral by King Louis IX of France, known as Saint Louis.

The south rose has 94 medallions, arranged in four circles, depicting scenes from the life of Christ and those who witnessed his time on earth. The inner circle has twelve medallions showing the twelve apostles. (During later restorations, some of these original medallions were moved to circles farther out). The next two circles depict celebrated martyrs and virgins. The fourth circle shows twenty angels, as well as saints important to Paris, notably Saint Denis, Margaret the Virgin with a dragon, and Saint Eustace. The third and fourth circles also have some depictions of Old Testament subjects. The third circle has some medallions with scenes from the New Testament Gospel of Matthew which date from the last quarter of the 12th century. These are the oldest glass in the window.

Additional scenes in the corners around the rose window include Jesus' Descent into Hell, Adam and Eve, the Resurrection of Christ. Saint Peter and Saint Paul are at the bottom of the window, and Mary Magdalene and John the Apostle at the top.

Above the rose was a window depicting Christ triumphant seated in the sky, surrounded by his Apostles. Below are sixteen windows with painted images of Prophets. These were not part of the original window; they were painted during the restoration in the 19th century by Alfred Gérenthe, under the direction of Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, based upon a similar window at Chartres Cathedral.

The south rose had a difficult history. In 1543 it was damaged by the settling of the masonry walls, and not restored until 1725–1727. It was seriously damaged in the French Revolution of 1830. Rioters burned the residence of the archbishop, next to the cathedral, and many of the panes were destroyed. The window was entirely rebuilt by Viollet-le-Duc in 1861. He rotated the window by fifteen degrees to give it a clear vertical and horizontal axis, and replaced the destroyed pieces of glass with new glass in the same style. The window today contains both medieval and 19th century glass.

In the 1960s, after three decades of debate, it was decided to replace many of the 19th-century grisaille windows in the nave designed by Viollet-le-Duc with new windows. The new windows, made by Jacques Le Chevallier, are without human figures and use abstract grisaille designs and color to try to recreate the luminosity of the Cathedral's interior in the 13th century.

The 2019 fire left the three great medieval rose windows essentially intact, but with some damage.  The rector of the Cathedral noted that one rose window would have to be dismantled, as it was unstable and at risk.  Most of the other damaged windows were of much less historical value.  (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notre-Dame_de_Paris)

ngsunyu

火灾后巴黎圣母院已关闭，但巴黎附近有三座值得参观的哥特式大教堂。只要向西走650米，您可以到达 巴黎圣礼拜教堂（法语：La Sainte-Chapelle），那里有更壮观的彩色花窗玻璃。只要乘地铁, 不到30分钟, 您可以到达 巴黎近郊的圣丹尼修道院大教堂（法语：Abbaye de Saint-Denis ou Basilique de Saint-Denis），那里是哥特式建筑发源地。只要乘火车, 不到两小时, 您可以到达 沙特尔大教堂（法语：Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Chartres），那里是哥特式大教堂的代表作。

ngsunyu

巴黎圣母院向西走500米，您可以到达 圣米歇尔喷泉（Fontaine Saint-Michel) 。

圣米歇尔喷泉（Fontaine Saint-Michel) 是巴黎第五区圣米歇尔广场一个宏伟的喷泉，设在圣米歇尔大道与圣安德烈大道转角建筑物的墙壁上，建于1858–1860年，法兰西第二帝国时期，是奥斯曼男爵重建巴黎伟大工程的一部分，建筑师Gabriel Davioud。

喷泉的建筑立面分为四个水平层次，有4根科林斯柱子。主檐口具有法国文艺复兴特征。根据1856年的设计方案，中心雕像是代表和平的女性雕像。1858年计划用拿破仑雕像代替，这激起了路易-拿破仑的对手的强烈反对，所以改为天使长米迦勒与魔鬼搏斗。雕像落成于1860年8月15日。

圣米歇尔喷泉是巴黎最晚兴建的一个墙壁喷泉，这一文艺复兴传统开始于17世纪的美第奇喷泉，以及18世纪的四季喷泉（Fontaine des Quatre-Saisons）。巴黎后来兴建的喷泉全都独立设在广场或公园中心。(zh.wikipedia.org/圣米歇尔喷泉)

当我们选择巴黎酒店时，为方便起见，我们选择了圣米歇尔圣母院地铁站附近的酒店。 圣米歇尔名字来自圣米歇尔喷泉。

ngsunyu

去年十一月我们去了巴黎。火灾后巴黎圣母院。

ngsunyu

法国邮政2020年新邮是极限考试难题。请找对位明信片。
极限考试难题答案将在第19~20楼揭晓。

ngsunyu

西岱岛（法語：Île de la Cité，又音譯西堤島，意譯城島）是位于法国巴黎市中心塞纳河中的两座岛屿之一（另一座为圣路易岛），也是巴黎城区的发源地，著名的巴黎圣母院和圣礼拜堂都位于该岛。(zh.wikipedia.org/西岱岛)

万国邮政联盟（法語：Union postale universelle；英語：Universal Postal Union；缩写：UPU），簡稱万国邮联。1947年在巴黎舉行第12屆國際邮政大會（International Postal Congress）。

2014年新版第12屆國際邮政大會小全张有五枚西岱岛邮票。

ngsunyu

巴黎西岱岛有个法国公路“零公里点”   (法語：Point Zero des Routes de France)  标志镶嵌在巴黎圣母院广场的地面上，是一块带有巴黎城徽标志的圆形铜牌，距离圣母院正门入口有20米左右。环绕这个标志的四大块青石上面刻着：“法国道路起点”   (法語：Point Zero des Routes de France) 字样。这个标志是巴黎市象征性的中心和法国所有经过首都的公路的起点。(news.sina.com.cn)

Photo By Michael Reeve - Unknown, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15820

ngsunyu

五枚新版西岱岛邮票盖2020年巴黎西岱岛的”零公里点”邮戳。

ngsunyu

2020年新版巴黎圣母院小全张有四枚巴黎圣母院邮票。

ngsunyu

五枚新版西岱岛邮票盖2020年巴黎圣母院怪兽像邮戳。

ngsunyu

许多中世纪的大教堂上有滴水嘴兽 (法語：gargouille；英語： gargoyle) 或 怪兽像 ( (法語：chimère；英語：chimera )，其中最著名的是巴黎聖母院上的。